How to precisely regulate temperature and humidity in a pig house environment management system?
Publish Time: 2025-10-29
In modern pig farming, the integrated nursery and fattening pig house environment management system has become a core support for ensuring pig health and improving growth efficiency. Temperature and humidity, as the most sensitive environmental factors affecting pig comfort and physiological state, are directly related to feed conversion rate, disease incidence, and overall farming efficiency through precise regulation. Because pigs at different growth stages have different temperature and humidity requirements, and the external climate is constantly changing, relying solely on human experience is insufficient to meet the requirements of refined management; an intelligent environmental control system is essential to achieve dynamic balance.Temperature fluctuations within the pig house significantly affect the pigs' metabolic levels. When the temperature is too low, pigs will increase feed intake and reduce activity to maintain body temperature, using more energy for heat production rather than weight gain, leading to an increased feed conversion ratio. Conversely, excessively high temperatures trigger heat stress, manifesting as rapid breathing, decreased feed intake, and even heatstroke, which can lead to death in severe cases. Humidity indirectly affects body temperature regulation by influencing evaporative cooling efficiency. High humidity inhibits sweat evaporation, exacerbating heat stress; low humidity easily leads to respiratory dryness and dust, increasing the risk of respiratory diseases. Therefore, coordinated control of temperature and humidity is crucial and cannot be considered in isolation.Precise regulation relies on comprehensive, real-time environmental sensing. The pig house environment management system continuously collects temperature and humidity data through a multi-point sensor network distributed across different areas of the pig house. These sensors need to be strategically placed, avoiding ventilation dead spots and areas directly exposed to heat or cold sources, ensuring the representativeness of the collected data. For pig houses integrating nursery and fattening, sensors should be positioned close to the pigs' breathing zone, based on their body size and activity level, to reflect the actual perceived environment. The collected data is transmitted in real-time to the central control unit, forming a dynamic environmental map to provide a basis for control decisions.Control execution relies on the coordinated operation of multiple devices. When the temperature is low, the pig house environment management system automatically activates insulation equipment, such as warm air blowers, underfloor heating, or infrared heating lamps, to gradually raise the temperature inside the pig house. The heating process must be carried out smoothly to avoid localized overheating or excessive temperature differences. As pigs grow, their suitable temperature range gradually decreases. The system can automatically adjust the target temperature according to the preset growth curve to achieve step-by-step cooling management. When the temperature rises to the critical value, the system activates the cooling mechanism, using a combination of evaporative cooling pads and fans to achieve evaporative cooling. The evaporative cooling pad system absorbs heat from the air through water film evaporation, while the fans deliver the cooled air into the shed, creating an effective airflow to remove heat from the pigs' bodies. The water supply to the evaporative cooling pads and the start/stop rhythm of the fans must be precisely matched with changes in temperature and humidity to avoid over-humidification or insufficient cooling.Humidity control is often carried out simultaneously with ventilation and cooling processes. In cold seasons, reduced ventilation can easily lead to moisture accumulation. In this case, humidity should be controlled through dehumidification or intermittent ventilation while ensuring minimum ventilation. In hot and humid weather, the use of evaporative cooling pads should be cautious to avoid further increasing humidity in the shed and affecting the cooling effect. The system uses feedback adjustment to dynamically balance ventilation volume, evaporative cooling pad operating time, and the output of the heating equipment to ensure that temperature and humidity remain within the set range.Automated control does not completely replace human intervention, but rather provides support for scientific decision-making. The system can be configured with multi-level alarm mechanisms, promptly alerting managers when temperature and humidity deviate from normal ranges or equipment malfunctions. Simultaneously, the recording and analysis of historical data helps optimize control strategies, identify patterns of environmental fluctuations, and improve the system's responsiveness and accuracy. Remote monitoring allows managers to monitor the pig house environment from anywhere, achieving efficient management.Ultimately, the precise regulation of temperature and humidity in a pig house environment management system is not merely a technical issue, but also a reflection of a fundamental farming philosophy. By creating a stable and comfortable growth environment, it minimizes environmental stress, stimulates the growth potential of pigs, and provides a solid guarantee for modern, intensive pig farming.
